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The Roundtable


Welcome to the Roundtable, a forum for incisive commentary and analysis
on cases and developments in law and the legal system.


The Past, Present, and Future of the Senate Filibuster

9/25/2022

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By Oulai Pan

​
Oulai "Audrey" Pan is a first-year student at the University of Pennsylvania's College of Arts and Sciences who plans to study political science and economics.

The filibuster, which refers to prolonged debate in the Senate, is perhaps one of the most discussed domestic political issues today.
​

Though the filibuster is often seen as a tool which upholds the Senate’s tradition of unlimited debate, it actually originated from a simplification of Senate procedures in 1807. This included the deletion of a rule that would have allowed a simple majority to cut off debate on a bill. [1] Thus, from then onward, Senators could technically extend debate indefinitely to prevent the passage of a bill. However, there were few filibusters prior to the twentieth century, since Senators largely operated on a presumed majority rule. [2]

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Double Reduction: China’s Flawed Attempt at Mitigating its Academic Competition and Costs

3/24/2022

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Image source: “Chinese Class-Flickr.” Wikimedia Commons, January 29, 2007. https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a7/Chinese_class_-_Flickr_-_%28cleverCl%40i®ê%29.jpg.

By Oulai "Audrey" Pan 

Oulai "Audrey" Pan is a first-year student at the University of Pennsylvania's College of Arts and Sciences who plans to study political science and economics.


For a nation that is notorious for academic competition, China’s announcement of its “Double Reduction” policies came as a surprise for many.
​

In July of 2021, China announced resolutions imposing numerous restrictions on its test preparation industry, estimated to be worth over $100 billion, as well as the amount of schoolwork students can receive in a given week [1]. These new regulations were collectively dubbed the “Double Reduction.” More specifically, it entails the following:
  1. Restricting private tutoring companies by banning or severely limiting foreign investment, IPOs, offering classes during holiday breaks, and the subjects in which tutoring can be offered.
  2. Forcing private tutoring companies to transition to a nonprofit model.
  3. Time limits for homework by grade level.
  4. Reducing the number of in-school exams.
  5. Abolishing formal student rankings [2].

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Policymaking, Polarization, and the Judiciary

11/30/2021

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By: Audrey Pan
Oulai "Audrey" Pan is a first-year student at the University of Pennsylvania's College of Arts and Sciences who plans to study political science and economics.

There are few who would deny that America is experiencing one of its most polarized periods yet. Common-sense public health measures such as mask-wearing have become widely debated amid a pandemic. Online interest in conspiracy theories soared by 651 percent just last year. Most disturbingly, a third of voters believe that the results of the most recent presidential election were fraudulent despite having no evidence. How did America arrive at such a polarized state? And how does polarization affect America’s governing apparatus beyond its day-to-day socioeconomic penetration?
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